Quantitative investing encompasses various data-driven strategies that leverage statistical models, data analysis, and sometimes machine learning to inform investment decisions. Key approaches include factor-based investing, which focuses on specific drivers like value or momentum, and algorithmic trading, such as high-frequency trading and statistical arbitrage, which capitalize on real-time price movements. Machine learning models help uncover complex patterns in data, often using sentiment analysis, while event-driven strategies focus on market-moving events like mergers or earnings releases.
Other strategies include trend-following for momentum-based investing and market-neutral strategies that balance long and short positions to manage risk. Risk parity and portfolio optimization aim to balance risk across asset classes, while volatility strategies use derivatives to benefit from price fluctuations. Arbitrage strategies exploit pricing inefficiencies, and ESG-focused quantitative strategies incorporate environmental, social, and governance factors into investment models.
Each strategy is designed to maximize returns while managing risks, using quantitative methods to systematically capture opportunities across various market conditions. These methods provide a structured approach to investing that relies on data and statistical insights rather than subjective judgment.